Simple machines are fundamental tools that make work easier by altering the force or direction of a force applied. Here are some common simple machines:
- Lever: A lever is a rigid bar that pivots around a fixed point called a fulcrum. Examples include seesaws, crowbars, and scissors.
- Wheel and Axle: This consists of a wheel attached to a smaller axle so that when the wheel turns, it moves the axle. Examples include wheels on carts, gears, and doorknobs.
- Pulley: A pulley consists of a wheel with a groove around its circumference and a rope or belt that runs inside the groove. It can change the direction of a force and make it easier to lift heavy objects. Examples include flagpoles and window blinds.
- Inclined Plane: An inclined plane is a flat surface that is tilted at an angle with respect to the horizontal plane. It allows objects to be moved up or down with less force. Examples include ramps and stairs.
- Wedge: A wedge is a simple machine that is thick at one end and tapers to a thin edge at the other end. It is used to split, lift, or hold objects apart. Examples include knives, axes, and doorstops.
- Screw: A screw is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylindrical post. It is used to hold objects together or to lift objects when rotated. Examples include screws, bolts, and jar lids.
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